Despite its proximity to Asia Minor, Samos throughout the Greek struggle for independence was a Greek stronghold for the control of the southeast Aegean.

The leading figure of the Revolution was Likourgos Logothetis, members of the secret organization, Philiki Etaireia. The 18th of April 1821 the Samians under the command of Kostantinos Lahanas raised the flag of the revolution in Pigadakia of Vathi.

Thanks to their good organization the revolutionaries successfully defended the island from numerous Turkish attacks. One of the most important defense structure used was the Castle of Likourgos in Pythagorio.

The 5th of July 1821 the Turks tried to invaded from the promontory Georgis east of Pythagorio, where they encountered heroic resistance for few Samians under the command of Kapetan Stamati. The Turks were annihilated and since that day the promontory is called Phonias �killer�.

The 5th of August 1824 in the straits of Mykali the Turkish fleet, under the leadership of Hosref, was defeated by the Greek fleet under the command of Georgios Sahtouris.

Kanaris with his incendiary vessel blew up the Turkish flagship in the Eptastadios Porthmos. The next day, the 6th of August, the day of the Transfiguration of Virgin Mary, the Greeks celebrated their victory and latter constructed the church of the Transfiguration of Virgin Mary next to the castle of Licourgos in memory of this great victory.

The 24th until the 29th August 1824 in the nearby gulf of Gerodas the greatest sea battle of the Revolution took place. The Greek fleet with just 70 ships and under the leadership of Andreas Miaoulis, vanquished the Turkish-Egyptian fleet numbering triple the amount of vessels.

Despite its decisive role in the Revolution, the great powers, England, France and Russia with the treaty of London in 1830 did not contain Samos in the New Greek State. Samos was declared a Hegemony under the protection of the Sultan, with a Christian ruler chosen by the Sultan. Likourgos Logothetis along with 6000 other Samian not accepting the new regime abandoned the island.